Abstract

In this paper, we present a noise cancellation technique for common gate ultra wide band (UWB) low noise amplifiers (LNAs) which not only reduces the noise but also increases the gain. On implementing this technique in one of the existing UWB LNAs significant reduction of noise figure (NF) compared to same LNA without noise cancellation technique was observed. Noise cancellation of the most dominating thermal noise source viz. the input matching device with theoretical analysis is presented in this paper. Simulation results with TSMC 0.18 (m CMOSRF technology shows a peak gain of 28 dB and base NF of 3.16 dB for a 6.6 GHz (2.4-9 GHz) band LNA with noise cancellation when compared to peak gain of 21 dB and base NF of 4.09 dB without noise cancellation. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results are in good agreement.

Abstract

In recent research works on magnetic thin films for RFIC Spiral Inductors it has been shown that patterning magnetic material improves the performance of inductors. In this paper it is presented that controlled formation of magnetic domains in patterned Permalloy thin films plays a vital role in boost of inductance and quality factor of spiral inductors.

Abstract

A novel CMOS current bleeding mixer based on inductive degeneration has been proposed in this paper. The noise figure of a radio frequency (RF) mixer is considerably affected by the flicker noise. This flicker noise can be tuned down by employing inductive degeneration at source and gate as the degenerative inductors improve the linearity and reduce the noise figure. A conventional current bleeding Gilbert mixer is also designed for analysis and comparison with proposed design. These mixers are designed using 0.18 micron technology. The simulated results show that the proposed mixer design has conversion gain of 12.47 dB, 1.7 dB decrease of noise figure and 3.72 dBm improvement of IIP3 at a maximum LO power of -3 dBm as compared to the conventional bleeding mixer.

Abstract

In this paper we discuss the effects of domain patterned magnetic shielding, using Permalloy, on Spiral Inductors employed in CMOS RFICs. Ferromagnetic Resonance of the domain patterned Permalloy is not observed in the measured frequency range of 1 GHz to 5.5 GHz and an improvement in Inductance and Quality factor of Spiral Inductor is noticed.

Abstract

Electromagnetic theory is one of the core subjects in Electrical/Electronics and Communication Engineering. It involves many concepts that are abstract and difficult to visualize, hence learning or teaching it is a challenge. This paper presents a web based virtual laboratory for electromagnetic theory course taught at undergraduate level, which can be used as a didactic tool by teachers and as a self learning tool by students. A set of ten topics have been chosen which broadly cover the basics of electromagnetic theory. The laboratory helps the students to visualize and experiment with abstract concepts of electromagnetic theory. It also contains theory supporting the experiment to aid teaching-learning process. The laboratory contains evaluation sections to assess student's understanding before and after performing virtual experiment. Assessment of the virtual lab done by evaluating students and feedback about the laboratory collected from both teachers and students are presented.

Abstract

The Millenium Development goals emphasize the need for building" open, rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory" e-governance systems. However, building such open systems remains a challenge: on the one hand, the systems are required to be open, whereas, on the other, there is the need to preserve and protect private and confidential information of potentially millions of users. This requires that e-governance systems carry clear specifications of how access to users' documents is managed throughout an e-governance application's workflow.

Abstract

Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) advocates the notion of aspects to encapsulate crosscutting concerns. A concern is a behavior in a computer program and is said to be crosscutting if the module(s) that address the behavior are scattered and tangled with other modules of the system. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using AOP for software testing and non-invasive debugging. We have identified some crosscutting concerns like access control, logging, performance, tracing, etc., and developed a framework based on java bytecode instrumentation technique to inject these crosscutting concerns into the compiled code. The framework is available as a service, i.e., the service takes the required code as input and produces the changed code as output that contains the appropriate aspects. Thus, it is argued that the framework can be the basis for implementing the notion of “Enabling testing as a Service”.

Abstract

Pedagogical literature is generally rich with references to digitally savvy students, operating at twitch speed. This creates pressure on instructors, pedagogies, educational technologies to primarily cater to these digital natives. This paper conducts a descriptive study of students of rural AP to see if indeed Indian tier 2-3 students are of this caliber and description. Should the digital natives model be used for rural Indian student profile as well? Findings from our survey based study reveal that of the (N=372) tier 2, 3 students only 50% own a PC, only 41% surf the web, and of those who surf, it is mostly consumption behavior with social intent. And finally, while the confidence in learning and skills is high, English comprehension skills is poor. We feel that this profile of students is in contrast to the computer savvy image being projected, and should inform emerging educational technology projects aimed for rural India.

Abstract

We revive an old but little explored idea about how to think about algorithms and problem solving. Algorithms are discrete dynamical systems, also called iterative systems. Pursuing this point of view pays rich dividends. Important concepts like state space, next-state function, termination, fixed points, invariants, traces etc., can be mapped from dynamical systems to elements of algorithm design. Many of these concepts can be visualised through plots that trace the dynamic behaviour of the algorithm

Abstract

Global optimization of MRF energy using graph cuts iswidely used in computer vision. As the images are gettinglarger, faster graph cuts are needed without sacrificing op-timality. Initializing or reparameterizing a graph using re-sults of a similar one has provided efficiency in the past. Inthis paper, we present a method to speedup graph cuts us-ing shrink-expand reparameterization. Our scheme mergesthe nodes of a given graph to shrink it. The resulting graphand its mincut are expanded and used to reparameterize theoriginal graph for faster convergence. Graph shrinking canbe done in different ways. We use a block-wise shrinkingsimilar to multiresolution processing of images in our Mul-tiresolution Cuts algorithm. We also develop a hybrid ap-proach that can mix nodes from different levels without af-fecting optimality. Our algorithm is particularly suited forprocessing large images. The processing time on the fulldetail graph reduces nearly by a factor of 4. The overallapplication time including all book-keeping is faster by afactor of 2 on various types of images