Abstract

An important aspect of understanding narrative text is identification of actors, its mentions and coreferences among them. Coreference Resolution in Hindi is a relatively under-explored area. In this paper, we focus on the task of resolving coreferences of actor mentions in Hindi narrative text. We propose a linguistically grounded approach for the task using Markov Logic Networks (MLN). Our approach outperforms two strong baselines on a publicly available dataset and 4 other manually created datasets.

Abstract

This paper looks at the responses of organised labour to the “development” project exemplified by the steel plant, the big dam and the power plant. More precisely, it analyses the presence (or not) of an ecological critique in trade union/labour responses to industrial projects. The paper explores theoretical connections between class-based politics and ecological questions. It delineates some of the specific processes and conditions which can facilitate the entry of ecological issues into the imaginations of a trade union, using the experiences of the Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha in central India in the process. It argues that “class consciousness” is hardly a deterrent for an engagement with ecology, if one adequately understands the definitions of “class,” labour and production. In India’s specific context, the coming together of the concerns and imaginations of the industrial worker and the Adivasi peasant/farmer can facilitate this conversation between “red” and “green” imaginations.

Abstract

This paper traces the nature of resistance in movements against land acquisition in Jagatsinghpur and Niyamgiri in the state of Odisha in India. At both sites, the movements were united in their opposition to the respective industrial projects, and to the state's notion of ‘development’ premised on resource extraction and large industry. At certain key junctures, the Niyamgiri resistance placed stress on the ‘sacred’ and the spiritual, while the resistance in Jagatsinghpur emphasised ‘traditional’ land- and water-based economic livelihoods. This paper uses these case studies to understand the role of overt and covert ‘performances’ of indigeneity in shaping environmental discourse as well as the state's response to resistance movements.

Abstract

During production of voiced speech, there exists impulse-like excitations due to abrupt closure of vocal folds. These impulselike excitations are often referred as epochs or glottal closure instants (GCIs). The zero frequency filtering (ZFF) method exploits the properties of impulse-like excitation by passing a speech signal through the resonator whose pole pair is located at 0 Hz. As the resonator is unstable, the polynomial growth/decay is observed in the filtered signal, thus requiring a trend removal operation. It is observed that the length of the window for trend removal operation is critical in speech signals where there are more fluctuations in the fundamental frequency (F0). In this paper, a simple finite impulse response (FIR) implementation is proposed. The FIR filter is designed by placing large number of zeros at fs 2 Hz (fs represents the sampling frequency), closer to the unit circle, in the z-plane. Experimental results show that the proposed method is robust and computationally less complex when compared to the ZFF method. Index Terms: Impulse-like excitation, ep

Abstract

A new method of obtaining exact solution for the rate matrix R in the Matrix-Analytic method in case of the phase state of dimension two is proposed. The method is based on symbolic solution of the determinental polynomial equation, and obtaining a linear matrix equation for the unknown rate matrix R by Cayley–Hamilton theorem. The method is applied to analyze the EnergyPerformance tradeoff of an Internet-of-Things device. A new randomized regime switching scheme is proposed, which, as it is shown by means of numerical experiment, provides significant decrease of energy consumption of the system under study.

Abstract

We describe a fully Bayesian approach to grapheme-to-phoneme conversion based on the joint-sequence model (JSM). Usually, standard smoothed n-gram language models (LM, e.g. Kneser-Ney) are used with JSMs to model graphone sequences (joint grapheme-phoneme pairs). However, we take a Bayesian approach using a hierarchical Pitman-Yor-Process LM. This provides an elegant alternative to using smoothing techniques to avoid over-training. No held-out sets and complex parameter tuning is necessary, and several convergence problems encountered in the discounted Expectation-Maximization (as used in the smoothed JSMs) are avoided. Every step is modeled by weighted finite state transducers and implemented with standard operations from the OpenFST toolkit. We evaluate our model on a standard data set (CMUdict), where it gives comparable results to the previously reported smoothed JSMs in terms of phoneme-error rate while requiring a much smaller training/testing time. Most importantly, our model can be used in a Bayesian framework and for (partly) un-supervised training.

Abstract

In this paper, we address the issue of speech polarity detection using strength of impulse-like excitation around epoch. The correct detection of speech polarity is a crucial step for many speech processing algorithms to extract suitable information. Occurrence of errors in the detection of speech polarity could have an impact on the performance of speech systems. Automatic detection of speech polarity has become an important preliminary step for many speech processing algorithms. We propose a method based on the knowledge of impulse-like excitation of speech production mechanism. The impulse-like excitation is reflected across all frequencies including the zero frequency (0 Hz). Using the slope around zero crossings of the zero frequency filtered signal, an automatic speech polarity detection method is proposed. Performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on 8 different speech corpora. The proposed method is compared with the three existing techniques such as gradient of the spurious glottal waveforms (GSGW), oscillating moments-based polarity detection (OMPD) and residual excitation skewness (RESKEW). From the experimental results, it is observed that the performance of the proposed method is comparable or better than the existing methods for the experiments considered.

Abstract

In this research paper several interesting themes related to Hopfield network are explored and concrete results are derived. For instance, convergence in partial parallel mode of operation, convergence when synaptic weight matrix, W is row diagonally dominant case. Also, structured recurrent Hopfield network with companion matrix as W is studied. The dynamics when the activation function is a step function, the state space is asymmetric hypercube are also studied. Finally several experimental results are derived.

Abstract

The fifth generation (5G) networks employing mil- limeter wave (mmwave) technology will gain the advantages of short distance directive propagation and more spectrum for communication. Device-to-Device communication (D2D) when integrated with mmWave technology can reach the demand for high capacity. In this paper, resource allocation for underlay D2D in outdoor mmWave scenario is presented. We emphasize on fair distribution of resources in a cell while maximizing the spectral efficiency. Also, we discuss the aspects in ad-hoc and cellular communication using the same scheme based on the requirement. The problem is formulated mathematically to maximize sum rate and an approach for resource allocation is proposed. This work aims to achieve higher system capacity with the proposed resource allocation scheme that does not have exclusivity in resource allocation and allows more than one user to share the same resource block without degrading the system spectral efficiency. However, to reduce the complexity, an upper limit on the number of users per resource block is imposed which is adaptive to the traffic environment. Results show that the proposed scheme can significantly enhance the system performance in terms of fairness and spectral efficiency.

Abstract

Fifth generation (5G) cellular networks would include millimeter wave (mmWave) for communication which gains the advantage of extensive frequency reuse and directive propagation. The recent trends in device-to-device (D2D) communication have escalated the importance of proximity based services for next generation cellular systems. The integration of mmWave and D2D technology will improve the performance and spectral efficiency greatly. In areas with high call traffic density, D2D communication can operate in overlay mode giving the advantage of low complexity interference avoidance technique. The complexity is decreased as the resources to overlay mode are dedicated resulting in no interference from cellular user unlike in underlay mode. Such a scenario is considered in this paper where interference management between D2D devices sharing same radio resources plays a key role in system performance. Thus, the inband resources for D2D operation selectively switch to overlay mode in based on the call traffic. Two problems are addressed in this paper. Firstly, assigning the resources for overlay mode which is solved using quadratic programming. Next, the problem is formulated to maximize system capacity in overlay mode which is solved using a heuristic algorithm which is simulated. The proposed scheme has optimal performance for dense network in controlled overlay operation for 5G networks. The scheme also overcomes the problem of spectrum wastage in overlay mode by its selective operation.