Abstract

Strong ground motions are the most desirable for the earthquake-resistant design of structures. If the site at which a major construction is required has less ground motion records, then artificial ground motions will serve the purpose. In highly seismic areas like Kashmir and the Himalaya region, artificial ground motions are quite helpful. Artificial accelerograms can be generated either through analytical or numerical procedures. Several methods were suggested in the literature for generating artificial ground motions. However, suitability of method for the region is to be understood before application. The main objective of this paper is to generate synthetic accelerograms of May 01, 2013, Doda earthquake using modified semi-empirical approach. A MATLAB code is written to generate the ground motion records of 1991 Uttarkashi earthquake and also validate the results. Based on effectiveness of the code …

Abstract

Structures are being built very close to each other in metropolitan areas where the cost of land is very high. Due to the proximity of the structures, they often collide with each other when subjected to earthquakes. To mitigate the amount of damage from pounding, the most simplest and effective way is to provide minimum separation distance. Generally most of the existing buildings in seismically moderate regions are built without codal provisions. The main objective of the present study is to check the adequacy of provisions given in codes of various countries. For this purpose, four pairs of structures were selected. The gap between structures was estimated according to codes of different countries and the same were subjected to earthquake excitation. Some codal provisions failed to satisfy the safety requirements, whereas some were safe. Based on this study, recommendations were drawn.

Abstract

Huge damages and loss of lives due to failure of glass panels and façade structures in buildings reported during past disasters such as the 1983 Mid-Japan Sea Earthquake and glass curtain façade failures due to 1994 Typhoon in Wan Chai district of Hong Kong suggest that there is a significant difference between available research literature related to structural mechanics, codes available on glass failure behavior and that with the safe structural design, mitigation practices actually implemented by modern construction firms and industries using significant structural glass components in buildings especially in newly emerging cities of India. This study presents a web application that simulates the behavior of glass plates towards two independent loading events: wind pressure acting transversely on the plates and seismic excitations deforming the in-plane glass frames leading to stress concentration patterns around plates. The App starts by prompting the user to input site-specific, plate geometry, building type and class, terrain, location-specific parameters. The framework of the application is designed in three stages. Stage-I uses computational GPS algorithms to determine Basic wind speed of the location based on wind zone map of India, combines analytical procedures in IS 875 Part III and Indian draft codes to formulate SNT (Standard Nominal Thickness) of glass plates and net design wind pressure acting transversely on them. In stage II, Deflection and bending behavior are investigated and relevant computations are performed. Mesh-generation procedures and Finite Element Method are implemented and coded by authors to solve the …

Abstract

In the present scenario of building construction world-wide, there is a significant increase in the cost percentage of non-structural elements compared to overall building cost. However, in some cases during past earthquakes, where the main structure suffered minimal damage, it was noticed that there were severe problems in the functionality of building and also sometimes leading to injuries & life loss. It is observed that significant percentage of population is injured due to overturning of objects such as furniture. This problem is attributed mainly to the behavior of non-structural elements which are not designed taking into account their seismic performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the behavior of a rigid body ie a NSE, particularly the toppling behavior under the action of seismic forces. A linearized solution for the dynamic equation of motion of the rigid body is obtained. The results are obtained in the form of angle of rotation of body against time, providing limits of safety of the NSE against toppling under applied seismic loading. A transformer has been modelled to illustrate the same. Also a tool has been generated using python scripts to graphically simulate the behavior of nonstructural elements under earthquake loading, by placing NSEs in different floors. This tool helps us in identifying whether the NSE will slide, rock or topple when subjected to certain seismic loading and provides the limits of safety for the same.

Abstract

Many countries have their own building codes-of-practice for earthquake resistant design of structures. These codes provide conventional approach to earthquake resistant design of buildings with sufficient strength, stiffness and inelastic deformation capacity to withstand a given level of earthquake generated force. Under a given earthquake, the level of damage to a structure is greatly influenced by nonlinear capacity of its members. Even when the nonlinear capacities are same, the overall damage is critically influenced by the structure’s shape, size and geometry.This paper presents the research on the influence of aspect ratio on overall damage of the structure subjected to earthquake loading. In this paper a numerical study is carried out for 3 benchmark structures, with an aspect ratio (height to widthratio) of 3, 1 and 0.3, to define failure pattern in nonlinear state. Nonlinear static pushover analysis is performed to understand the capacity of structure and expended energy based damage assessment is used to estimate the damage. The results are compared in terms of damage, displacement and plastic hinge pattern

Abstract

n present scenario buildings with floating columns are of typical feature in the modern multistorey construction practices in urban India. Such types of constructions are highly undesirable in building built in seismically active areas. This paper studies the analysis of a G+5 storey normal building and a G+5 storey floating column building for external lateral forces. The analysis is done by the use of SAP 2000. This paper also studies the variation of the both structures by applying the intensities of the past earthquakes i.e., applying the ground motions to the both structures, from that displacement time history values are compared. This study is to find whether the structure is safe or unsafe with floating column when built in seismically active areas and also to find floating column building is economical or uneconomical.

Abstract

The 7.8 M earthquake occurred in south east Iran on 16 April 2013 at 10: 44: 20 UTC. This earthquake was the most massive earthquake in last 50 years, with tremors felt across Pakistan, Oman and UAE. According to BHRC (Iranian Building and Housing Research Center) report, this event was recorded by 33 digital accelerographs in Iran Strong Ground Motion Network. The peak acceleration was recorded in Sabz Gazz seismic station. This study presents simulation of near-field ground motions of the 2013 Iran earthquake. For this purpose, five seismic stations are selected to simulate ground motions using semi-empirical approach. Hamzehloo and Mahood (2012) attenuation relationship for south east Iran is used to obtain acceleration waveformenvelope function. Acomparison is done on characteristics of observed and simulated ground motions. The simulated results are satisfactory at many of the seismic stations. It is concluded that higher frequencies (2-10 Hz) of simulated ground motions match with observed ground motions.

Abstract

The term natural hazard implies a natural phenomenon which may cause direct damage, injury, or harm to those in its path (Selby, 1993). In India, natural disasters majorly relates to its climatic conditions. For example disasters like droughts, flash floods, cyclones, avalanches, landslides by rains etc are the cause of massive loss of life and property. On the other side earthquakes also causes a major threat to the nation, where seismically triggered landslides are one among the many types of hazards. This hazard has greatly increased because of the expansion of commercial and residential development in to earthquake-prone slope side locations. Most moderate and large earthquakes produce ground motions that can trip Landslides, which poses a double threat to those living in these risk areas. This study mainly focuses on the threat assessment of buildings located on slopes prevalent to earthquake hazard and to develop a Slope Hazard Zonation Map for an area of interest. Keywords: Natural hazards, Earthquake risk, Landslides, Threat map.

Abstract

Capture the mechanical behaviour of RC frame systems subjected to Lateral loading and estimating the damage state of structure are still changing tasks in civil engineering

Abstract

Crustal deformation in vertical direction is higher at convergent plate marg other plate margins. Even though there are three types of convergent plate mar continental-continental plate, oceanic-continental plate and oceani considers only the interaction between oceanic plate and continental plate lithospheric mantle to understand the topography effect on continental plate. T element models are developed and analyzed using commercially availabl Contact properties are defined between plates so that effect of friction is calc an elasto-visco rheology and analysis is carried for 30000 years. The mo nclination angles leading to subduction or collision effects the length of vertic Also, increasing the coefficient of friction decreases the vertical deforma amount of subsidence. This study concludes inclination angle and coefficient role for the development of higher topographic regions at convergent plate mar asupuleti and Pradeep Kumar Ramancharla. This is an open access article distributed un use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properl evolved to be one of the most aining the behaviour of rigid the earth’s surface leading to Convergent, Divergent and dynamic evolution of the, 1965). One of the nteraction leading to different re found where tectonic plates te boundaries comprise both At subduction zones geological suggest that convergence is plate (oceanic plate) r oceanic plate). At collisional plates are both continental in the other carries a magmatic. In simple the continental ion) normally follows the convergent forces of lateral Turcotte and Schubert, bservations show that vertical surface near convergent …