Abstract

Traditional association rule mining based on the support–confidence framework provides the objective measure of the rules that are of interest to users. However, it does not reflect the semantic measure among the items. The semantic measure of an itemset is characterized with utility values that are typically associated with transaction items, where a user will be interested to an itemset only if it satisfies a given utility constraint. In this paper, we first define the problem of finding association rules using utility-confidence framework, which is a generalization of the amount-confidence measure. Using this semantic concept of rules, we then propose a compressed representation for association rules having minimal antecedent and maximal consequent. This representation is generated with the help of high utility closed itemsets (HUCI) and their generators. We propose the algorithms to generate the utility based non-redundant association rules and methods for reconstructing all association rules. Furthermore, we describe the algorithms which generate high utility itemsets (HUI) and high utility closed itemsets with their generators. These proposed algorithms are implemented using both synthetic and real datasets. The results demonstrate better efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed HUCI-Miner algorithm compared to other well-known existing algorithms. In addition, the experimental results show better quality in the compressed representation of the entire rule set under the considered framework.

Abstract

Structural bioinformatics of RNA has evolved mainly in response to the rapidly accumulating evidence that non-(protein)-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play critical roles in gene regulation and development. The structures and functions of most ncRNAs are however still unknown. Most of the available RNA structural databases rely heavily on known 3D structures, and contextually correlate base pairing geometry with actual 3D RNA structures. None of the databases provide any direct information about stabilization energies. However, the intrinsic interaction energies of constituent base pairs can provide significant insights into their roles in the overall dynamics of RNA motifs and structures. Quantum mechanical (QM) computations provide the only approach toward their accurate quantification and characterization. ‘RNA Base Pair Count, Geometry and Stability’ ( http://bioinf.iiit.ac.in/RNABPCOGEST …

Abstract

The roles of protonated nucleobases in stabilizing different structural motifs and in facilitating catalytic functions of RNA are well known. Among different polar sites of all the nucleobases, N7 of guanine has the highest protonation propensity at physiological pH. However, unlike other easily protonable sites such as N1 and N3 of adenine or N3 of cytosine, N7 protonation of guanine does not lead to the stabilization of base pairs involving its protonated Hoogsteen edge. It also does not facilitate its participation in any acid–base catalysis process. To explore the possible roles of N7 protonated guanine, we have studied its base pairing potentials involving WatsonCrick and sugar edges, which undergo major charge redistribution upon N7 protonation. We have carried out quantum chemical geometry optimization at the M05-2X/6-311G+(2d,2p) level, followed by interaction energy calculation at the MP2/aug-cc-pVDZ

Abstract

The current study evaluates the growing stock, biomass and carbon content of Andhra Pradesh state’s forest (India) along with its current status of forest degradation and loss. For this purpose, the study used the growing stock data collected by state forest department in 2010 for the calculation of biomass and carbon storage using the standard conversion and expansion factors given by IPCC. The analysis shows low biomass and carbon values for the state’s forest in comparison to the mean values recorded in different studies made for Andhra Pradesh. It is also observed to be lower when compared with the average carbon and biomass for Indian forests. Overall, the analysis showed degradation and loss of forest in the state, coupled with reduction in biomass and carbon sink.

Abstract

There has been a constant demand for the development of non-invasive, sensitive glucose sensor system that offers fast and real-time electronic readout of blood glucose levels. In this article, we propose a new system for detecting blood glucose levels by estimating the concentration of acetone in the exhaled breath. A TGS822 tin oxide (SnO2) sensor has been used to detect the concentration of acetone in the exhaled air. Acetone in exhaled breath showed a correlation with the blood glucose levels. Effects of pressure, temperature and humidity have been considered. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has been used to extract features from the output waveform of the sensors. The system has been trained and tested with patient data in the blood glucose ranges from 80 mg/dl to 180 mg/dl. Using the proposed system, the blood glucose concentration has been estimated within an error limit of±7.5 mg/dl.

Abstract

Herein, the conventional and unconventional hydrogen bonding potential of adenine in APA for double zipper helical assembly of deoxyoligonucleotides is demonstrated under ambient conditions. The quantum mechanical calculations supported the formation of hybrid DNA ensembles.

Abstract

A new class of dendrimers, the poly(propyl ether imine) (PETIM) dendrimer, has been shown to be a novel hyperbranched polymer having potential applications as a drug delivery vehicle. Structure and dynamics of the amine terminated PETIM dendrimer and their changes with respect to the dendrimer generation are poorly understood. Since most drugs are hydrophobic in nature, the extent of hydrophobicity of the dendrimer core is related to its drug encapsulation and retention efficacy. In this study, we carry out fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to characterize the structure of PETIM (G2–G6) dendrimers in salt solution as a function of dendrimer generation at different protonation levels. Structural properties such as radius of gyration (Rg), radial density distribution, aspect ratio, and asphericity are calculated. In order to assess the hydrophilicity of the dendrimer, we compute the number of bound …

Abstract

Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2), the founding member of the conserved sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase, regulates several physiological processes including genome stability, gene silencing, metabolism and life span in yeast. Within the nucleus, Sir2 is associated with telomere clusters in the nuclear periphery and rDNA in the nucleolus and regulates gene silencing at these genomic sites. How distribution of Sir2 between telomere and rDNA is regulated is not known. Here we show that Sir2 is sumoylated and this modification modulates the intra-nuclear distribution of Sir2. We identify Siz2 as the key SUMO ligase and show that multiple lysines in Sir2 are subject to this sumoylation activity. Mutating K215 alone counteracts the inhibitory effect of Siz2 on telomeric silencing. SUMO modification of Sir2 impairs interaction with Sir4 but not Net1 and, furthermore, SUMO modified Sir2 shows …

Abstract

The laboratory is an indispensable component of learning in engineering education. In this paper, we examine the impact of Advanced VLSI Virtual Lab, which is a part of the Government of India's suite of Virtual Labs, in improving the understanding and learning of students at a small sized university in India. The Advanced VLSI Virtual Lab includes ten simulated interactive experiments in the area of design and application development. Over a hundred Virtual Labs have been proposed and built, but, so far, few have been subject to systematic investigation of their effectiveness in helping the student learn. Our work is one of the first efforts to statistically study the effectiveness of the Virtual Lab. To this end, we designed and conducted pre- and post-tests, and feedback surveys on the lab. The tests and the survey, on analysis, reveal that the lab is effective in enhancing student learning. Our results are encouraging to …

Abstract

We propose an alternate method to sense inertial rotation using semiconductor ring laser gyroscope (SRLG). We show that inertial rotation causes change in the magnitude of voltage across the terminals of semiconductor gain medium which can be measured externally to determine angular rotation velocity. The resonant oscillating frequency of the counter-traveling waves are not involved in the measurement which leads to elimination of lock-in in the gyro. The mathematical analysis and simulation results of the proposed method are also shown.